Divided into two sections, this volume first presents 26 case studies of HIV/AIDS from Africa, Asia, Australisia, Europe, Latin America and North America to highlight the complexity of HIV prevention and treatment and illustrate both the relevance of local issues and cultural concerns. The second part of the book contains six essays written by theologians who examine the moral issues involved and demonstrate how the Roman Catholic moral tradition can help in constructively mediating the apparent clash of values occuring in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.