Employing royal monuments, papyri and graffiti, Psammetichus II (ruled 595 589 BC.), his foreign campaigns, enigmas, royal monuments and officials are studied in order to supply a complete study of the Pharaoh and his times. In Egyptology he is best known for leading a Nubian campaign. Psammetichus II ruled in a period when Egypt was fighting for its life against the more powerful Babylonian kingdom.