The adeptness and adaptability of the knowledge discovery process to analyze a variety of application areas has suggested a rich area with abounding ambit for research and all of this has started when geospatial databases have challenged us with their enormity and complexity. The geospatial databases holds key for us to understand the geographic phenomena. Spatio-temporal data arises due to the enormous establishment of tracking and measuring devices. These devices collect data continuously at unprecedented speed forming big databases. Hence, focus of the research today is on developing techniques to efficiently handle the voluminous spatio-temporal data. This book introduces the challenges, applications and the current research trends in spatio-temporal data mining.