This review covers topics such as Kondo effect and spin-dependent transport in tunnel coupled dots, quantum chaos in open quantum dots and antidot arrays, and explorations of the novel technological applications of quantum dots and nanotubes. It provides a comprehensive, wide-ranging, review of this field and features a self-contained format that should make it a useful text for introductory graduate studies of this field. This book should be of interest to researchers, university faculty, and graduate students in physics and electrical engineering, particularly those who are engaged in research into the fundamental properties, and technological applications, of nanostructures and nanoelectronic devices.