The volume LNCS 9377 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2015, held in Jeju, South Korea in October 2015. The 55 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 97 submissions. These papers cover many topics of neural network-related research including intelligent control, neurodynamic analysis, memristive neurodynamics, computer vision, signal processing, machine learning,  and optimization.