Behavioral characteristics of both humans and animals are inevitably influenced by their environment in various ways. Behavioral studies focus on the interactions between animals and humans with their environment. Cognitive science, psychology, psychobiology, and related fields are significant contributors to behavioral science. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of behavioral science. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies on behavioral science have been included in this book. In this book, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of this discipline as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.