The first edition of "Compact Complex Surfaces" was published in 1984 and has become one of the most important books on the subject. In this second enlarged edition the major developments of the last 20 years have been incorporated. The Enriques-Kodaira classification is carried out in the spirit of Mori theory and many new developments have been added, including new analytic tools as well as new algebraic methods such as the theorems of Bogomolov and Reider and their applications. A new section is devoted to the stunning results achieved by the introduction of Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten invariants.