The XL Latin-American School of Physics was celebrated in memory of Marcos Moshinsky, who was one of the pioneers to use symmetries in several fields of physics at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. It is well known that the Group Theory is the mathematical tool to discover the symmetries in nature, so the central theme of the School was symmetries in physics and its applications in molecular, nuclear, and particle physics. Marcos Moshinsky was also one of the first to study transient  effects. He considered the transient behavior that follows after the sudden opening of a quantum shutter that changes the free evolution of a wavepacket. A revision of resonant states to get analytical expressions of decay quantum phenomena is included in the book. Finally, the concept of dynamical symmetries is used in a new probability representation of quantum mechanics together with the description of dissipation in classical and quantum systems.