Competition law and policy is a topical and relevant field of research which has been analysed from both global and national perspectives. This authoritative research review is the first of its kind to bring together seminal works from leading scholars in economic development and in competition law. This encompasses the most up-to-date and rigorous methodologies of empirical and technical analysis, with a specific focus on the problem of developing countries. This research review discusses the theoretical and political foundations of competition policies versus industrial policies and the raging debate between market-based versus interventionist industrialization policies as well as including the most relevant literature on competition law and enforcement in developing countries, including a cross section and case study perspective.