An update to a classic in the field of surveying, this is one of the few books that deals with the important issue of error in spatial data. Originally written for surveyors, it has expanded over the years to encompass the needs of new spatial technologies as they've been introduced (GPS, GIS) and new analytical techniques as they find acceptance. This Fifth Edition offers new screenshots to guide students through the exercises, more problems, more worked solutions in the solutions manual, as well as PowerPoint slides from the author's lectures.