In this monograph, sustainable development is viewed as a global strategy of resolution of the socio-natural contradiction between the growing needs of humanity and limited natural resources. More broadly, sustainable development is interpreted as the most secure managed system-balanced socio-natural development. Special attention in this work is paid to the need to expand the interpretation of this type of development, its increasing application to all spheres of human activity, including national and global security. Security is viewed as a sustainable way of being of a certain object, preservation of its nature in the conditions of internal and external negative effects and changes. It is noted that, in the long term, the security of the international community and national security of any country can be achieved not so much by means of protection, as by the effective implementation of the global strategy of sustainable development, enabling the survival of civilization and preservation of biosphere. The major security principle is the provision of security via sustainable development priorities.