The conference "Advances in Theoretical Physics", held in Chernogolovka, Russia, is devoted to Lev Landau's 100 year anniversary. It was organized by the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, which was established by Landau's pupils who carried on his traditions. The conference reviews current progress in the main branches of theoretical physics. The talks covered solid state physics and cosmology, low temperature physics and optics, quantum field theory and statistical physics, physics of low-dimensional systems and hydrodynamics.