This book aims to present comprehensive standard methodologies for investigating the effects of climate change on agriculture, measuring and constructing inventories of greenhouse gas emissions, and analyzing vulnerabilities and mitigation options. The book methodology is described in a straightforward and clear manner, making it suitable for field studies. The book is divided into 23 chapters, which are organized into four sections. The first section focuses on recent mitigation strategies developed by scientists to reduce the impact of climate change and promote sustainable agriculture in various ways, such as the use of markers in the development of climate-resilient varieties. The second section covers conservation agriculture and mitigation strategies, as well as the use of biofertilizers to promote sustainable agricultural practices. The third section examines the impact of climate change on pest scenarios across crops and offers insights on how to avoid pests. The final section discusses agroforestry and its potential to minimize the impact of climate change. The book also explores the impact of climate change on crop and livestock sectors and presents strategies for mitigation and adaptation. Additionally, the role of ICT and extension agencies in framing policies and effectively disseminating technologies is discussed.