Vertical dysplasia often are among the most difficult dentofacial problems to treat and difficult to modify clinically with a multitude of Orthodontic, Orthopedic and Surgical interventions. It has been a subject of study and debate since Orthodontics became a speciality. It is to some extent are the result of growth that was programmed in that direction, but their expression is influenced by form-function interactions. Successful treatment of patients possessing a hyperdivergent skeletal phenotype demands proper diagnosis and careful consideration of treatment mechanics. If growth modification is to be successful in the hyperdivergent phenotype, preventive or early interceptive treatment mechanics may be required, where as if it is left untreated and allowed to progress until the permanent dentition stage of development, the opportunity for growth modification could be lost, and surgical correction may be required. Thus, the main objective of this compilation is to help both clinician and students by providing the overview about Vertical skeletal dysplasia.