Many philosophers and psychologists argue that normal adult human beings possess a primitive or "folk" psychological theory. Recently, however, this theory has come under challenge from the "simulation alternative". Thi s alternative view says that human bings are able to predict and explain each others' actions by using the resources of their own minds to simuate the psychological etiology of the actions of others. The 13 essays in this volume present the foundations of theory of mind debate, and are accompanied by an introduction.