This volume covers most areas in the physics of the solar system, with special emphasis on gravitational dynamics; its gist is the rational, in particular mathematical, understanding of the main processes at work. Special stress is given to the variety of objects in the planetary system and their long-term evolution. The unique character of this book is its breadth and depth, which aims at bringing the reader to the threshold of original research; however, special chapters and introductory sections are included for the benefit of the beginner. The book is based on the earlier work by B. Bertotti and P. Farinella: "Physics of the Earth and the Solar System" (Kluwer, 1990), which has been completely revised and updated, and is more focused on the solar system. The book is generally suitable for post-graduate students and researchers in physics,