A variety of viewpoints is offered in this timely analysis of China’s economy and the future shape of Beijing’s energy consumption. The authors, all noted authorities in the fields of economics, diplomacy, energy, and defence, consider an unprecedented range of influences and factors to avoid the limitations of looking at the subject myopically or with political bias. They conclude that while energy insecurity could eventually lead to an arms race at sea or even a naval conflict that neither side wants, there is ample room for Sino-American energy dialogue and co-operation in the maritime domain.