Food safety being related to individuals' health, economic development, and social harmony, is a fundamental livelihood issue. This study is aimed to establish a current effective food safety regulatory evaluation system for effective food safety regulation. Based on the Web of Science database, 261 original documents were collected. The free nodes were extracted employing NVivo11.0 software and the tree nodes were extracted to construct the food safety supervision evaluation model. Subsequently, the indicators were verified through practice. The study found that food safety supervision is the common responsibility of government, enterprise, and society. The government is the core, the enterprise is the key, and society is an important supplement. Therefore, it is necessary to begin with the rule of law, corporate social responsibility, and social multi-subject co-governance to create a core framework for food safety supervision, consolidating the basis of social pluralistic participation in supervision to achieve effective food safety supervision.