This book presents a fresh perspective by exploring the various layers of sustainability within the whole manufacturing and incorporating Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing principles. The concept can be applied to manufacturing systems, focusing on core, chosen, and given layers. Each layer of the system manufacturing can be analyzed independently to identify key components and evaluate their sustainability impact.

Sustainability 4.0: Objectives, Challenges, and Expectations provides a thorough examination and profound understanding of Sustainability 4.0, a crucial goal set forth by the United Nations (UN). This book introduces an innovative index created to measure sustainability and sustainable development within manufacturing enterprise systems. The index evaluates machine design, manufacturing processes, and manufacturing systems. A distinct methodology is outlined also for assessing an enterprise’s sustainability concerning Industry 4.0 including emerging technologies, technology selection, adoption, and site readiness and implementation. This book discusses the impact of emerging technologies associated with Industry 4.0 on sustainability practices, as well as a flexible framework for evaluating the sustainability of operations amidst technological advancements and evolving industry standards.

This book is recommended as a valuable reference for senior‑year undergraduate students, graduate students, postgraduate students, academic researchers, and industrial practitioners. The insights offered within its pages are particularly beneficial for technical audiences in search of solutions, case studies, and prototype implementations.