In Lucian's Dialogues of the Gods the cosmos of the traditional Greek gods is presented in a decidedly ironical-satirical light, which in the second century CE was able to - inter alia - provide fledgling Christianity with interesting arguments in its fight against the old religion. In recent decades, these twenty-five vivid dialogical scenes have enjoyed only limited attention, which is a good reason to present them anew in a fresh volume. It offers an introduction, a substantially revised Greek text, a new translation with notes and six essays from various disciplines (classical philology, ancient history and patristics) with the intention of comprehensively elucidating the meaning and the relevance of these dialogues between gods not only within the context of their own times, but also beyond.