Natural resources are vital for meeting the food, livelihood and environmental security. It is now widely accepted that future of food, livelihood and environmental security depends upon the attention paid to conservation, sustainable development and management of natural resources. Natural resource management ties in with applied concepts such asmaximum sustainable yield (MSY) and optimum utilization. Every natural resource has its optimum utilization, or acceptable levels of use, which are established scientifically and according to which management authorities regulate its exploitation. Degradation of natural resources has been caused by a variety of social, economic, institutional and technological factors. Rapidly growing population, urbanisation and industrial activities have all resulted in considerable deterioration in the quality and quantity of natural resources. This book discusses both the principles and applications of an integrated approach to natural resources management. This book is compilation of various topical issues on the prime concerns of natural resource conservation in arable and non-arable lands, suitable land utilization planning soil-water resource conservation, diversification of crops and farming systems to ensure sustainable management